Many couples consider in vitro fertilisation (IVF) a viable option when expanding a family. But is there a way to increase the probability of a successful pregnancy while ensuring the baby’s genetic health? The answer lies in a powerful tool revolutionising reproductive medicine: Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT). This technology is gaining widespread appreciation for its role in boosting the success rates of IVF.
The PGT test is a procedure used in union with IVF to screen embryos for genetic deformities before they are implanted in the uterus. This screening process helps identify embryos with the best chances of leading to a healthy pregnancy. By examining the genetic material of embryos, doctors can detect conditions and ensure that only healthy embryos are selected for implantation.
How Does it Work?
It involves a meticulous process that begins with the IVF procedure itself. After fertilising the eggs in the lab, the embryos can grow for a few days. At a particular stage of development, a few cells are carefully extracted from each embryo. These cells are then analysed for genetic anomalies.
The results of this analysis help embryologists and doctors select the embryos with the highest potential for a successful pregnancy and the lowest risk of genetic issues. This selection process not only increases the chances of a successful IVF outcome but also reduces the likelihood of miscarriage and the birth of a child with a genetic disorder.
Types of PGT: Tailoring the Test to Your Needs
There are different types of PGT, each designed to address specific concerns:
PGT-A (Aneuploidy Testing)
This type of testing screen is done for an abnormal number of chromosomes. Chromosomal abnormalities are a common cause of failed IVF cycles and miscarriages. By identifying embryos with the right number of chromosomes, PGT-A helps select embryos with the highest chance of developing into healthy babies.
PGT-M (Monogenic Disorder Testing)
PGT-M screens for specific genetic disorders caused by mutations in a single gene. This type of testing is especially beneficial for couples with a known risk of passing on a genetic disorder, such as cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anaemia.
PGT-SR (Structural Rearrangements Testing)
PGT-SR is used to detect structural abnormalities in the chromosomes, such as translocations or inversions, which can lead to infertility, miscarriage, or congenital disabilities. This test ensures that only embryos with typical chromosomal structures are selected.
Who Should Consider PGT?
It is particularly beneficial for:
- Couples with a history of genetic disorders.
- Females over the age of 35 are at a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities.
- Couples who have experienced recurrent miscarriages.
- Couples with a record of unsuccessful IVF cycles.
The Benefits of PGT Testing: Why It Matters
It offers several significant benefits for couples undergoing IVF:
- Higher Success Rates: Selecting the healthiest embryos increases the likelihood of a successful pregnancy, reducing the need for multiple IVF cycles.
- Reduced Risk of Miscarriage: Since the test screens for chromosomal abnormalities, it helps lower the chances of miscarriage, providing couples with more confidence as they progress through their pregnancy.
- Peace of Mind: Knowing that the selected embryo is free from genetic disorders can offer immense peace of mind to parents, helping them focus on the joys of pregnancy rather than potential complications.
- Reduced Emotional and Financial Strain: Undergoing multiple IVF cycles can be both emotionally and financially taxing for couples. Improving the chances of success in the first or early attempts helps minimise the number of IVF cycles needed, thus reducing the overall emotional and financial burden.
A PGT test is undoubtedly a powerful tool in assisted reproduction. By boosting IVF success rates and ensuring the genetic health of embryos, it offers a ray of hope for many couples. However, deciding whether to undergo PGT is a personal choice that should be made in consultation with a fertility specialist. If you’re considering IVF, discussing the potential benefits of PGT with your doctor could be the key to unlocking a prosperous and healthy pregnancy.
